List of commands
ABIVARIATE produces graphs and statistics for bivariate analysis of variance.
ADD adds extra terms to a linear, generalized linear, generalized additive, or nonlinear model.
ADDPOINTS adds points for new objects to a principal coordinates analysis.
ADISPLAY displays further output from analyses produced by ANOVA.
AFALPHA generates alpha designs.
AFCARRYOVER forms factors to represent carry-over effects in cross-over trials.
AFCYCLIC generates block and treatment factors for cyclic designs.
AFFYMETRIX estimates expression values for Affymetrix slides.
AFIELDRESIDUALS display residuals in field layout.
AFLABELS forms a variate of unit labels for a design.
AFORMS prints data forms for an experimental design.
AFRESPONSESURFACE uses the BLKL algorithm to construct designs for estimating response surfaces.
AFUNITS forms a factor to index the units of the final stratum of a design.
AGALPHA forms alpha designs by standard generators for up to 100 treatments.
AGBIB generates balanced incomplete block designs.
AGBOXBEHNKEN generates Box-Behnken designs.
AGCENTRALCOMPOSITE generates central composite designs.
AGCROSSOVERLATIN generates Latin squares balanced for carry-over effects.
AGCYCLIC generates cyclic designs from standard generators.
AGDESIGN generates generally balanced designs.
AGFRACTION generates fractional factorial designs.
AGHIERARCHICAL generates orthogonal hierarchical designs.
AGLATIN generates mutually orthogonal Latin squares.
AGLOOP generates loop designs e.g. for time-course microarray experiments
AGMAINEFFECT generates designs to estimate main effects of two-level factors.
AGNATURALBLOCK forms 1- and 2-dimensional designs with blocks of natural size
AGNEIGHBOUR generates neighbour-balanced designs.
AGQLATIN generates complete and quasi-complete Latin squares.
AGRAPH plots one- or two-way tables of means from ANOVA.
AGREFERENCE generates reference-level designs e.g. for microarray experiments
AGSEMILATIN generates semi-Latin squares.
AGSQLATTICE generates square lattice designs.
AKAIKEHISTOGRAM prints histograms with improved definition of groups.
AKEEP copies information from an ANOVA analysis into GenStat data structures.
AKEY generates values for treatment factors using the design key method.
ALIAS finds out information about aliased model terms in analysis of variance.
ALLPAIRWISE performs a range of all pairwise multiple comparison tests.
AMCOMPARISON performs pairwise multiple comparison tests for ANOVA means.
AMERGE merges extra units into an experimental design.
AMMI allows exploratory analysis of genotype × environment interactions.
AMTDISPLAY displays further output for a multi-tiered design analysed by AMTIER.
AMTIER analyses a multi-tiered design with up to 3 structures.
ANOVA analyses y-variates by analysis of variance according to the model defined by earlier BLOCKSTRUCTURE, COVARIATE, and TREATMENTSTRUCTURE statements.
ANTMVESTIMATE estimates missing values in repeated measurements.
ANTORDER assesses order of ante-dependence for repeated measures data.
ANTTEST calculates overall tests based on a specified order of ante-dependence.
AONEWAY performs one-way analysis of variance.
APERMTEST does random permutation tests for analysis-of-variance tables
APLOT plots residuals from an ANOVA analysis.
APOLYNOMIAL forms the equation for a polynomial contrast fitted by ANOVA.
APOWER calculates the power (probability of detection) for terms in an aov.
APPEND appends a list of vectors of the same type.
APRODUCT forms a new experimental design from the product of two designs.
ARANDOMIZE randomizes and prints an experimental design.
AREPMEASURES produces an analysis of variance for repeated measurements.
ASAMPLESIZE finds the replication to detect a treatment effect or contrast.
ASCREEN performs screening tests for designs with orthogonal block structure
ASSIGN sets elements of pointers and dummies.
ASTATUS provides information about the settings of ANOVA models and variates.
ASWEEP performs sweeps for model terms in an analysis of variance.
AUDISPLAY produces further output for an unbalanced design (after AUNBALANCED).
AUKEEP saves output from analysis of an unbalanced design (by AUNBALANCED).
AUNBALANCED performs analysis of variance for unbalanced designs.
AXES defines the axes in each window for high-resolution graphics.
A2DISPLAY provides further output following an analysis of variance by A2WAY
A2KEEP copies information from an A2WAY analysis into GenStat data structures
A2PLOT plots effects from two-level designs with robust s.e. estimates.
A2WAY performs analysis of variance of a balanced or unbalanced design with up to two treatment factors
BANK calculates the optimum aspect ratio for a graph.
BARCHART plots barcharts in high-resolution graphics.
BASSESS assesses potential splits for regression and classification trees.
BBINOMIAL estimates the parameters of the beta binomial distribution.
BCDISPLAY displays a classification tree.
BCIDENTIFY identifies specimens using a classification tree.
BCLASSIFICATION constructs a classification tree.
BCONSTRUCT constructs a tree.
BCUT cuts a tree at a defined node, discarding nodes and information below it.
BCVALUES forms values for nodes of a classification tree.
BGIMPORT imports MCMC output in CODA format produced by WinBUGS or OpenBUGS.
BGPLOT produces plots for output and diagnostics from MCMC simulations.
BGRAPH plots a tree.
BGROW adds new branches to a node of a tree.
BGXGENSTAT runs WinBUGS from GenStat in batch mode using scripts.
BIPLOT produces a biplot from a set of variates.
BJESTIMATE fits an ARIMA model, with forecast and residual checks.
BJFORECAST plots forecasts of a time series using a previously fitted ARIMA.
BJIDENTIFY displays time series statistics useful for ARIMA model selection.
BJOIN extends a tree by joining another tree to a terminal node.
BKDISPLAY displays an identification key.
BKEY constructs an identification key.
BKIDENTIFY identifies specimens using a key.
BLOCKSTRUCTURE defines the blocking structure of the design and hence the strata and the error terms.
BNTEST calculates one- and two-sample binomial tests.
BOOTSTRAP produces bootstrapped estimates, standard errors and distributions.
BOXPLOT draws box-and-whisker diagrams or schematic plots.
BPRINT displays a tree.
BPRUNE prunes a tree using minimal cost complexity.
BRDISPLAY displays a regression key.
BREAK suspends execution of the statements in the current channel or control structure and takes subsequent statements from the channel specified.
BREGRESSION constructs a regression tree.
BRPREDICT makes predictions using a regression tree.
BRVALUES forms values for nodes of a regression tree.
CALCULATE calculates numerical values for data structures.
CALLS lists library procedures called by a procedure.
CANCORRELATION does canonical correlation analysis.
CAPTION prints captions in standardized formats.
CASE introduces a "multiple-selection" control structure.
CATALOGUE displays the contents of a backing-store file.
CDESCRIBE calculates summary statistics and tests of circular data.
CENSOR pre-processes censored data before analysis by ANOVA.
CHECKARGUMENT checks the arguments of a procedure.
CHISQUARE calculates chi-square statistics for one- and two-way tables.
CINTERACTION clusters rows and columns of a two-way interaction table.
CLASSIFY obtains a starting classification for non-hierarchical clustering.
CLOSE closes files.
CLUSTER forms a non-hierarchical classification.
CMHTEST performs the Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel test.
COKRIGE calculates kriged estimates using a model fitted to the sample variograms and cross variograms of a set of variates.
COLOUR defines the red, green and blue intensities to be used for the GenStat colours with certain graphics devices.
COMBINE combines or omits "slices" of a multi-way data structure (table, matrix, or variate).
CONCATENATE concatenates and truncates lines (units) of text structures; allows the case of letters to be changed.
CONCORD is a synonym for KCONCORDANCE.
CONFIDENCE calculates simultaneous confidence intervals.
CONVEXHULL finds the points of a single or a full peel of convex hulls.
COPY forms a transcript of a job.
CORANALYSIS does correspondence analysis, or reciprocal averaging.
CORRELATE forms correlations between variates, autocorrelations of variates, and lagged cross-correlations between variates.
CORRESP is a synonym for CORANALYSIS.
COVARIATE specifies covariates for use in subsequent ANOVA statements.
COVDESIGN produces experimental designs efficient under analysis of covariance.
CUMDISTRIBUTION fits frequency distributions to accumulated counts.
CVA performs canonical variates analysis.
CVAPLOT plots the mean and unit scores from a canonical variates analysis.
CVASCORES calculates scores for individual units in canonical variates analysis.
DAPLOT plots residuals from ANOVA with interactive identification of outliers.
DAYLENGTH calculates daylengths at a given period of the year.
DBARCHART produces barcharts for one or two-way tables.
DCIRCULAR plots circular data.
DCLEAR clears a graphics screen.
DCOMPOSITIONAL plots 3-part compositional data within a barycentric triangle.
DCONTOUR draws contour plots on a plotter or graphics monitor.
DCOVARIOGRAM plots 2-dimensional auto- and cross-variograms.
DDENDROGRAM draws dendrograms with control over structure and style.
DDESIGN plots the plan of an experimental design.
DDISPLAY redraws the current graphical display.
DEBUG puts an implicit BREAK statement after the current statement and after every NSTATEMENTS subsequent statements, until an ENDDEBUG is reached.
DECIMALS sets the number of decimals for a structure, using its round-off.
DECLARE declares one or more customized data structures.
DELETE deletes the attributes and values of structures.
DEMC performs Bayesian computing using the Differential Evolution Markov Chain algorithm.
DESCRIBE saves and/or prints summary statistics for variates.
DESIGN helps to select and generate effective experimental designs.
DEVICE switches between (high-resolution) graphics devices.
DFINISH ends a sequence of related high-resolution plots.
DGRAPH draws graphs on a plotter or graphics monitor.
DHELP provides information about GenStat graphics.
DHISTOGRAM draws histograms on a plotter or graphics monitor.
DIAGONALMATRIX declares one or more diagonal matrix data structures.
DIALLEL analyses full and half diallel tables with parents.
DILUTION calculates Most Probable Numbers from dilution series data.
DISCRIMINATE performs discriminant analysis.
DISPLAY prints, or reprints, diagnostic messages.
DISTRIBUTION estimates the parameters of continuous and discrete distributions.
DKEEP saves information from the last plot on a particular device.
DKSTPLOT produces diagnostic plots for space-time clustering.
DLOAD loads the graphics environment settings from an external file.
DMADENSITY plots the empirical CDF or PDF (kernel smoothed) by groups.
DMASS plots discrete data like mass spectra, discrete probability functions.
DMST gives a high resolution plot of an ordination with minimum spanning tree.
DOTHISTOGRAM plots dot histograms.
DOTPLOT produces a dot-plot using line-printer or high-resolution graphics.
DPARALLEL displays multivariate data using parallel coordinates.
DPIE draws a pie chart on a plotter or graphics monitor.
DPOLYGON draws polygons using high-resolution graphics.
DPROBABILITY creates a probability distribution plot of the values in a variate.
DPTMAP draws maps for spatial point patterns using high-resolution graphics.
DPTREAD adds points interactively to a spatial point pattern.
DREAD reads the locations of points from an interactive graphical device.
DREPMEASURES plots profiles and differences of profiles for repeated measures data.
DRESIDUALS plots residuals.
DROP drops terms from a linear, generalized linear, generalized additive, or nonlinear model.
DRPOLYGON reads a polygon interactively from the current graphics device.
DSAVE saves the current graphics environment settings to an external file.
DSCATTER produces a scatter-plot matrix using high-resolution graphics.
DSHADE plots a shade diagram of 3-dimensional data.
DSTART starts a sequence of related high-resolution plots.
DSURFACE produces perspective views of a two-way arrays of numbers.
DTEXT adds text to a graph.
DTIMEPLOT produces horizontal bars displaying a continuous time record.
DUMMY declares one or more dummy data structures.
DUMP prints information about data structures, and internal system information.
DUPLICATE forms new data structures with attributes taken from an existing structure.
DVARIOGRAM plots fitted models to an experimental variogram.
D3GRAPH plots a 3-dimensional graph.
D3HISTOGRAM plots three-dimensional histograms.
ECABUNDANCEPLOT produces rank/abundance, ABC and k-dominance plots
ECACCUMULATION plots species accumulation curves for samples or individuals.
ECANOSIM perform's an analysis of similarities (ANOSIM)
ECDIVERSITY calculates measures of diversity with jackknife or bootstrap estimates
ECFIT fits models to species abundance data
ECNICHE generates relative abundance of species for niche-based models
ECRAREFACTION calculates individual or sample-based rarefaction
EDIT edits text vectors.
ELSE introduces the default set of statements in block-if or in multiple-selection control structures.
ELSIF introduces a set of alternative statements in a block-if control structure.
ENDBREAK returns to the original channel or control structure and continues execution.
ENDCASE indicates the end of a "multiple-selection" control structure.
ENDDEBUG cancels a DEBUG statement.
ENDFOR indicates the end of the contents of a loop.
ENDIF indicates the end of a block-if control structure.
ENDJOB ends a GenStat job.
ENDPROCEDURE indicates the end of the contents of a GenStat procedure.
ENQUIRE provides details about files opened by GenStat.
EQUATE transfers data between structures of different sizes or types (but the same modes i.e. numerical or text) or where transfer is not from single structure to single structure.
ESTIMATE estimates parameters in Box-Jenkins models for time series.
EXECUTE executes the statements contained within a text.
EXIT exits from a control structure.
EXPRESSION declares one or more expression data structures.
EXTRABINOMIAL fits the models of Williams (1982) to overdispersed proportions.
FACAMEND permutes the levels and labels of a factor.
FACDIVIDE represents a factor by factorial combinations of a set of factors.
FACLEVSTANDARDIZE standardizes the levels or labels of a list of factors.
FACPRODUCT forms a factor with a level for every combination of other factors.
FACROTATE rotates factor loadings from a principal components or canonical variates analysis according to either the varimax or quartimax criterion.
FACSORT sorts the levels of a factor according to an index vector.
FACTOR declares one or more factor data structures.
FAULT checks whether to issue a diagnostic, i.e. a fault, warning or message.
FBASICCONTRASTS breaks a model term down into its basic contrasts.
FCLASSIFICATION forms a classification set for each term in a formula, breaks a formula up into separate formulae (one for each term), and applies a limit to the number of factors and variates in the terms of a formula.
FCORRELATION forms the correlation matrix for a list of variates.
FCOVARIOGRAM forms a covariogram structure containing auto-variograms of individual variates and cross-variograms for pairs from a list of variates.
FDESIGNFILE forms a backing-store file of information for AGDESIGN.
FDRBONFERRONI estimates false discovery rates by a Bonferroni-type procedure.
FDRMIXTURE estimates false discovery rates using mixture distributions.
FEXACT2X2 does Fisher's exact test for 2×2 tables.
FFRAME forms multiple windows in a plot-matrix for high-resolution graphics.
FFREERESPONSEFACTOR forms multiple-response factors from free-response data.
FHADAMARDMATRIX forms Hadamard matrices.
FHAT calculates an estimate of the F nearest-neighbour distribution function.
FIELLER calculates effective doses or relative potencies.
FILEREAD reads data from a file.
FILTER filters time series by time-series models.
FIT fits a linear, generalized linear, generalized additive, or generalized nonlinear model.
FITCURVE fits a standard nonlinear regression model.
FITINDIVIDUALLY fits regression models one term at a time.
FITMULTIVARIATE is a synonym for RMULTIVARIATE.
FITNONLINEAR fits a nonlinear regression model or optimizes a scalar function.
FITNONNEGATIVE is a synonym for RNONNEGATIVE.
FITPARALLEL is a synonym for RPARALLEL.
FITSCHNUTE is a synonym for RSCHNUTE.
FKEY forms design keys for multi-stratum experimental designs, allowing for confounded and aliased treatments.
FLIBHELP forms a help information file for use by LIBHELP and the other help procedures.
FLRV forms the values of LRV structures.
FMFACTORS forms a pointer of factors representing a multiple-response.
FOR introduces a loop; subsequent statements define the contents of the loop, which is terminated by the directive ENDFOR.
FORECAST forecasts future values of a time series.
FORMULA declares one or more formula data structures.
FOURIER calculates cosine or Fourier transforms of real or complex series.
FPROJECTIONMATRIX forms a projection matrix for a set of model terms.
FPSEUDOFACTORS determines patterns of confounding and aliasing from design keys, and extends the treatment model to incorporate the necessary pseudo-factors.
FRAME defines the positions of windows within the frame of a high-resolution graph. The positions are defined in normalized device coordinates ([0,1]×[0,1]).
FRESTRICTEDSET forms vectors with the restricted subset of a list of vectors.
FRIEDMAN performs Friedman's non-parametric analysis of variance.
FSIMILARITY forms a similarity matrix or a between-group-elements similarity matrix or prints a similarity matrix.
FSSPM forms the values of SSPM structures.
FSTRING forms a single string from a list of strings in a text.
FTEXT forms a text structure from a variate.
FTSM forms preliminary estimates of parameters in time-series models.
FVARIOGRAM forms auto variograms for individual variates or cross variograms for pairs of variates.
FVCOVARIANCE forms the variance-covariance matrix for a list of variates.
FZERO gives the F function expectation under complete spatial randomness.
F2DRESIDUALVARIOGRAM calculates and plots a 2-dimensional variogram from a 2-dimensional array of residuals.
GALOIS forms addition and multiplication tables for a Galois finite field.
GEE fits models to longitudinal data by generalized estimating equations.
GENERATE generates factor values for designed experiments: with no options set, factor values are generated in standard order; the options allow treatment factors to be generated using the design-key method, or pseudo-factors to be generated to describe the confounding in a partially balanced experimental design.
GENPROCRUSTES performs a generalized Procrustes analysis.
GET accesses details of the "environment" of a GenStat job.
GETATTRIBUTE accesses attributes of structures.
GETNAME forms the name of a structure according to its IPRINT attribute.
GHAT calculates an estimate of the G nearest-neighbour distribution function.
GINVERSE calculates the generalized inverse of a matrix.
GLM analyses non-standard generalized linear models.
GLMM fits a generalized linear mixed model.
GRANDOM generates pseudo-random numbers from probability distributions.
GRCSR generates completely spatially random points in a polygon.
GRLABEL randomly labels two or more spatial point patterns.
GRMULTINORMAL generates multivariate normal pseudo-random numbers.
GROUPS forms a factor (or grouping variable) from a variate or text, together with the set of distinct values that occur.
GRTHIN randomly thins a spatial point pattern.
GRTORSHIFT performs a random toroidal shift on a spatial point pattern.
GSTATISTIC calculates the gamma statistic of agreement for ordinal data.
HANOVA does hierarchical analysis of variance or covariance for unbalanced data.
HCLUSTER performs hierarchical cluster analysis.
HDISPLAY displays results ancillary to hierarchical cluster analyses: matrix of mean similarities between and within groups, a set of nearest neighbours for each unit, a minimum spanning tree, and the most typical elements from each group.
HEATUNITS calculates accumulated heat units of a temperature dependent process.
HELP provides help information about GenStat.
HGANALYSE analyses data using a hierarchical or double hierarchical generalized linear model.
HGDISPLAY displays results from a hierarchical or double hierarchical generalized linear model.
HGDRANDOMMODEL defines the random model in a hierarchical generalized linear model for the dispersion model of a double hierarchical generalized linear model.
HGFIXEDMODEL defines the fixed model for a hierarchical or double hierarchical generalized linear model.
HGKEEP saves information from a hierarchical or double hierarchical generalized linear model analysis.
HGNONLINEAR defines nonlinear parameters for the fixed model of a hierarchical generalized linear model.
HGPLOT produces model-checking plots for a hierarchical or double hierarchical generalized linear model.
HGPREDICT forms predictions from a hierarchical or double hierarchical generalized linear model.
HGRANDOMMODEL defines the random model for a hierarchical or double hierarchical generalized linear model.
HISTOGRAM synonym of LPHISTOGRAM.
HLIST lists the data matrix in abbreviated form.
HSUMMARIZE forms and prints a group by levels table for each test together with appropriate summary statistics for each group.
IDENTIFY identifies an unknown specimen from a defined set of objects.
IF introduces a block-if control structure.
IFUNCTION estimates implicit and/or explicit functions of parameters.
INPUT specifies the input file from which to take further statements.
INSIDE determines whether points lie within a specified polygon.
INTERPOLATE interpolates values at intermediate points.
IRREDUNDANT forms irredundant test sets for the efficient identification of a set of objects.
JACKKNIFE produces Jackknife estimates and standard errors.
JOB starts a GenStat job.
JOIN joins or merges two sets of vectors together, based on classifying keys.
KAPLANMEIER calculates the Kaplan-Meier estimate of the survivor function.
KAPPA calculates a kappa coefficient of agreement for nominally scaled data.
KCROSSVALIDATION computes cross validation statistics for punctual kriging.
KCONCORDANCE calculates Kendall's Coefficient of Concordance.
KCSRENVELOPES simulates K function bounds under complete spatial randomness.
KERNELDENSITY uses kernel density estimation to estimate a sample density.
KHAT calculates an estimate of the K function.
KLABENVELOPES gives bounds for K function differences under random labelling.
KOLMOG2 performs a Kolmogorov-Smirnoff two-sample test.
KRIGE calculates kriged estimates using a model fitted to the sample variogram.
KRUSKAL carries out a Kruskal-Wallis one-way analysis of variance.
KSTHAT calculates an estimate of the K function in space, time and space-time.
KSTMCTEST performs a Monte-Carlo test for space-time interaction.
KSTSE calculates the standard error for the space-time K function.
KSED calculates the standard error for K function differences under random labelling.
KTAU calculates Kendall's rank correlation coefficient τ
KTORENVELOPES gives bounds for the bivariate K function under independence.
K12HAT calculates an estimate of the bivariate K function.
LCONCORDANCE calculates Lin's concordance correlation coefficient.
LIBEXAMPLE accesses examples and source code of library procedures.
LIBFILENAME supplies the names of information files for library procedures.
LIBHELP provides help information about library procedures.
LIBINFORM prints information about the contents of the Procedure Library.
LIBMANUAL prints a "Manual" containing information about library procedures.
LIBVERSION provides the name of the current GenStat Procedure Library.
LINDEPENDENCE finds the linear relations associated with matrix singularities.
LIST lists details of the data structures currently available within GenStat.
LORENZ plots the Lorenz curve and calculates the Gini and asymmetry coefficients.
LPCONTOUR produces contour maps of two-way arrays of numbers using character (i.e. line-printer) graphics.
LPGRAPH produces point and line plots using character (i.e. line-printer) graphics.
LPHISTOGRAM produces histograms using character (i.e. line-printer) graphics.
LRV declares one or more LRV data structures.
LRVSCREE prints a scree diagram and/or a difference table of latent roots.
LSIPLOT plots least significant intervals, saved from SEDLSI.
LVARMODEL analyses a field trial using the Linear Variance Neighbour model.
MAANOVA does analysis of variance for a single-channel microarray design.
MABGCORRECT performs background correction of Affymetrix slides.
MACALCULATE corrects and transforms two-colour microarray differential expressions.
MADESIGN assesses the efficiency of a two-colour microarray design.
MAEBAYES modifies t-values by an empirical Bayes method.
MAESTIMATE estimates treatment effects from a two-colour microarray design.
MAHISTOGRAM plots histograms of microarray data.
MANNWHITNEY performs a Mann-Whitney U test.
MANOVA performs multivariate analysis of variance and covariance.
MANTEL assesses the association between similarity matrices.
MAPCLUSTER clusters probes or genes with microarray data.
MAPLOT produces two-dimensional plots of microarray data.
MARGIN forms and calculates marginal values for tables.
MARMA calculates Affymetrix expression values.
MAROBUSTMEANS does a robust means analysis for Affymetrix slides.
MASCLUSTER clusters microarray slides.
MASHADE produces shade plots to display spatial variation of microarray data.
MATRIX declares one or more matrix data structures.
MAVDIFFERENCE applies the average difference algorithm to Affymetrix data.
MAVOLCANO produces volcano plots of microarray data.
MA2CLUSTER performs a two-way clustering of microarray data by probes (or genes) and slides.
MCOVARIOGRAM fits models to sets of variograms and cross variograms.
MCNEMAR performs McNemar's test for the significance of changes.
MDS performs non-metric multidimensional scaling.
MEDIANTETRAD gives robust identification of multiple outliers in 2-way tables.
MERGE copies subfiles from backing-store files into a single file.
META combines estimates from individual trials.
MIN1DIMENSION finds the minimum of a function in one dimension.
MNORMALIZE normalizes two-colour microarray data.
MODEL defines the response variate(s) and the type of model to be fitted for linear, generalized linear, generalized additive, and nonlinear models.
MONOTONIC fits an increasing monotonic regression of y on x.